Subsections (1)(a) of section 12 enables regulations to impose, or (subject to subsection (5)) provide for a specified public authority to impose, a levy on data holders or third party recipients to meet the expenses described in subsection (2). Subsection (1)(b) enables the regulations to make provision as to what must or may be done with the monies.
	The expenses described in subsection (2) are expenses incurred, or to be incurred, by a person listed in subsection (3), or a person acting on their behalf, in the conduct of functions imposed or conferred on them by or under Part 1 regulations.
	The persons listed in subsection (3) are decision-makers, interface bodies, enforcers and public authorities on which requirements are imposed by regulations under section 4(4).
	The purpose of the levy is to meet all or part of the costs incurred by those persons so that the expenses of a Smart Data scheme may be met by the relevant sector without incurring a cost to the taxpayer.
	Subsection (4) limits the persons on whom the levy may be imposed. That subsection only permits a levy to be imposed on data holders or third party recipients that appear to the Secretary of State or the Treasury to be capable of being directly affected by the exercise of the functions of persons listed in subsection (3).
	Subsection (5) ensures that, where regulations provide for a levy to be imposed by a public authority, the regulations must specify how the rate of a levy and the period in respect of which it is payable are to be determined. The regulations must also require the public authority to publish information about that rate and period and how they are determined.
	Subsection (6) allows the regulations to make provision about interest on, and recovery of, unpaid sums. This is to ensure that interest can be charged, and payments can be collected effectively, in the event that those to whom the levy applies do not pay on time.
Part 1: Access to Customer Data and Business Data Fees etc and financial assistance Section 12: Levy