Commentary on Sections Carbon units, carbon accounting and the net UK carbon account Section 26: Carbon units and carbon accounting
133.In addition to the level of “net UK emissions” (which is defined in section 29 (1)(c)), the “net UK carbon account” (as determined in accordance with section 27) is affected by the addition and subtraction of “carbon units” through a process of “carbon accounting”. This section, and section 27, allow the Secretary of State to determine what carbon units should be added to and subtracted from the net UK carbon account and how “carbon accounting” will work.
134.Subsection (1) allows the Secretary of State to make regulations setting out specifically what “carbon units” can be used for carbon accounting purposes. “Carbon units” in the regulations can only be:
	units representing a reduction in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions;
	units representing the removal of greenhouse gas from the atmosphere; or
	units representing greenhouse gas emissions which are allowed under a scheme or arrangement which limits total emissions of greenhouse gases (for example, under certain kinds of emissions trading scheme).
135.Subsection (2) allows the Secretary of State to make regulations which contain details of how carbon units should be registered and kept track of, and allows him to establish and maintain accounts containing carbon units. Carbon units can be moved between accounts. The intention is to establish an accounting system broadly similar to, and compatible and co-ordinated with, that used to keep track of the UK’s assigned amount units (AAUs) and other units issued under the Kyoto Protocol; subsection (2) specifically provides that the Secretary of State can use an existing system as the basis of the carbon accounting system.
136.Subsection (3) gives more detail of what the regulations can say. The Secretary of State is allowed to appoint a body to operate the accounting scheme, to set up a new body for that purpose, to make provision allowing him to give guidance and directions to the body and to require users of the scheme to pay charges towards the cost of operating the scheme.
137.Subsection (4) provides that if an existing body is appointed to operate the accounting scheme, then the Secretary of State can make any necessary amendments to relevant enactments.
138.The procedures relating to the regulations are set out in section 28.