358.Section 245 introduces Schedule 17 setting out the provisions relating to the penalty fares regime on TfL bus and train services.  Generally, a person is liable to pay a penalty fare where he or she has not obtained a valid ticket before travelling.  Schedule 17 is similar, but not identical, to the London Transport (Penalty Fares) Act 1992.  The Mayor will be able to change the level of penalty fare, but only after consultation with the Secretary of State, representatives of local authorities and users and other appropriate persons (paragraph 5). The Secretary of State must, at the request of the Mayor, make regulations whereby a person required to pay a penalty fare can appeal to an independent adjudicator (paragraph 10).
Commentary on Sections Part Iv: Transport Chapter Ix: Penalty Fares