The Act – Section by Section Part 1 – General Duty, Directions and Guidance Section 1 – General duty
12.Section 1(1) places a general duty on the Scottish Ministers, SEPA, local authorities, Scottish Water and other responsible authorities to exercise their flood risk related functions with a view to reducing overall flood risk and, in particular, to do so to secure compliance with the Directive. “Flood risk” is defined in section 3.
13.“Responsible authorities” are defined in section 5 and include local authorities, Scottish Water and any other public bodies and office holders designated by the Scottish Ministers. “Flood risk related functions” are defined in subsection (4) and include functions under the Act and any other functions relevant to flood risk management which the Scottish Ministers may specify by order.
14.Because the definition of “flood risk related functions” includes functions under the Act, the general duty to act with a view to reducing overall flood risk applies to the Scottish Ministers when designating responsible authorities and specifying new flood risk related functions and to SEPA, the Scottish Ministers and responsible authorities when they are involved in the preparation of flood risk assessments, flood maps and flood risk management plans under Part 3 of the Act. It also applies to local authorities and to the Scottish Ministers when considering flood protection schemes and to SEPA and the Scottish Ministers when dealing with flood risk assessment and flood warning functions under Part 5 of the Act.
15.Where the exercise of their flood risk related functions affects a flood risk management district, subsection (2)(a) requires the Scottish Ministers, SEPA and responsible authorities to act with a view to achieving the objectives set out in the flood risk management plan for that district. Flood risk management districts are established under section 8 and sections 27 to 33 make provision for flood risk management plans to be prepared, approved and reviewed for those districts.
16.Subsection (2)(b) requires the Scottish Ministers, SEPA and the responsible authorities to take into account social, environmental and economic considerations when exercising their flood risk related functions. This would appear to be consistent with the principle of proportionality in European law which requires that the means of achieving a particular objective should correspond to the importance of, and be necessary for the achievement of, that objective.
17.Subsection (2)(c) requires the Scottish Ministers, SEPA and the responsible authorities to act in the way best calculated to manage flood risk in a sustainable way, to promote sustainable flood risk management, to act in the way best calculated to contribute to sustainable development, and to take steps to raise public awareness of flood risk. These duties apply in so far as is consistent with the purposes of the function in question.
18.Subsection (2)(d) requires the Scottish Ministers, SEPA and the responsible authorities to adopt an integrated approach by co-operating with each other so as to coordinate the exercise of their respective functions for flood risk management, so far as is practicable. This provides flexibility for these bodies to take action in isolation where it is sensible to do so, e.g. in emergency situations. Subsection (3) clarifies that they may enter into agreements with each other for the purposes of co-operation.